Radiotherapy to the pelvic area

Radiotherapy to the pelvis may be given externally using a machine called a Linear Accelerator, or internally by implanting seeds of radioactive material into the tissues. This is called brachytherapy| and is most often used to treat prostate cancer|.

The risk of late effects from pelvic radiotherapy is less than it used to be. This is due to technological improvements in how treatment is given and increased experience in giving treatments such as brachytherapy.

Radiotherapy to the pelvic area may cause long-term changes in the structures and organs in the pelvic area. In a man this includes:

• the prostate gland
• the testicles
• the penis
• the bladder.

The male pelvic organs - side view

View a large version of the image here.|

Parts of the digestive system may also be affected, including:

• the large bowel (colon and rectum)
• the small bowel (especially a part called the terminal ileum)
• the back passage (anus).

Other body parts in the pelvic area that may be affected by radiotherapy are:

• the pelvic bones
• some lymph nodes (also known as lymph glands).

The digestive system